Terms and Definitions -
Any words, terms or phrases that appear in your Grade 9 IGCSE Additional Mathematics studies can be found alphabetically listed below...
SET LANGUAGE AND NOTATION
If ε is the universal set, the COMPLEMENT of P is the set
P' = {x : x ∉ P, x ∈ ε} EQUAL SETS - if two or more sets contain exactly the same elements A FINITE SET has a limited number of values An INFINITE SET has an unlimited number of values The INTERSECTION of two or more sets is the set which contains the elements common to both, or all, of the original sets such that A ∩ B = {x : x ∈ A and x ∈ B} |
A SET is a collection of well-defined elements (objects)
SUBSET - if the elements of one set A can be contained within another set B, then A is a SUBSET of B [A ⊆ B], or a PROPER SUBSET [A ⊂ B] if n(A) < n(B) The UNION of two or more sets includes all of the elements in both, or all, of the original sets such that A U B = {x : x ∈ A or x ∈ B} A UNIVERSAL SET is a set which consists of all elements under consideration A VENN DIAGRAM is a pictorial representation of the relationship between two or more sets |
SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS
SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS are two, or more, equations which contain two, or more, unknowns and must be solved in conjunction with one another to calculate the values of the unknowns
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INDICES, SURDS AND LOGARITHMS
COMMON LOGARITHMS are Logarithms to the base 10. Common Logarithms are often denoted by the abbreviation 'lg'
An equation that contains a variable in an index is called an indicial or EXPONENTIAL EQUATION |
NATURAL LOGARITHMS are Logarithms to the base e. Natural Logarithms are often denoted by the abbreviation 'ln'
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